United Arab Emirates

Hydrogen produced from renewable electricity sources, considered a critical component for hydrogen's long-term credibility as a clean fuel.

Hydrogen derived from natural gas with carbon capture technology, debated as a potential stepping stone or greenwashing.

Ammonia produced from green hydrogen, which is generated using electrolysis powered by renewable electricity, representing the ultimate goal for clean shipping fuel.

United Arab Emirates

Germany

A renewable energy project in Australia in which BP acquired a 40.5% stake and will operate, aimed at becoming one of the largest green hydrogen producers in the world.

The UAE's strategic initiative to establish leadership in green and blue hydrogen production and export, launched at COP26 with three primary objectives: securing export revenue, developing low-carbon derivatives, and contributing to net-zero targets.

A $1 billion fund managed with IRENA to support renewable energy implementation in developing nations, with the UAE contributing $400 million.

Methanol produced using green hydrogen and captured CO2, intended as a marine fuel or precursor for other e-fuels.

Ammonia produced from blue hydrogen, with ADNOC having already sold four test cargos as part of the UAE's hydrogen strategy demonstration.

Ammonia produced from green hydrogen and nitrogen, intended for use as a fertilizer and increasingly as a zero-emission maritime fuel.